ALLISS

ALLISS is a absolutely rotatable antenna arrangement for top ability shortwave radio broadcasting in the 6 MHz to 26 MHz range. An ALLISS bore is a cocky independent shortwave broadcast base that is acclimated for all-embracing broadcasting.

Technological ambiguities

There are some factors that abstracted accurate ALLISS technology from 'run-of-the-mill' rotatable HRS Blazon antennas

Thales pseudo-ALLISS rotatable antenna designs were acquired from added antenna manufacturers that Thales acquired by accumulated transactions.citation needed

Technically alone solid radiators analyze accurate ALLISS systems from all added rotatable HRS blazon antennas.

Only about 12% (estimate) of all HRS antennas in use globally are rotatable, and of these alone 28 of the ALLISS systems accept solid radiators.

One have to accept that alone about 10% of HRS blazon antennas are rotatable, but aggregate statistics are fragmentary. Alone about 20% of rotatable HRS antennas are ALLISS, but this may be a slight overestimate.

The Transmitter Documentation Project has a lot of but not all stats on shortwave broadcast base antennas in use or historical.

The Chinese SARFT is said to accommodate replicated ALLISS bore technology, so to accede ALLISS technology as getting alone in the area of Thales is no best true.citation needed

editCorporate name changes

Information about ALLISS can aswell be begin associated with Thomson-CSF -- the antecedent name of Thales Group.

Technology FAQ (overview)

ALLISS technology, due to its amount and complexity—is out of ability to a lot of consumers as a customer product. Cheaper solutions to ALLISS abide in the shortwave broadcasting technology area.

Any competent and reasonable manual planning getting should attending at all added shortwave manual options afore because ALLISS.

As a aphorism of deride ALLISS systems should alone be purchased if 360 degrees of advantage is necessary.

ALLISS is alone acclimated by able-bodied adjourned broadcasting and telecommunications operations that intend to use the modules over their architecture lifespan of 50–60 years.

editTechnology FAQ (operation)

ALLISS allows a anchorperson to change the afterward shortwave manual ambit at any time:

direction (azimuths from 0 to 360 degrees, rate: ~1 deg / 6 sec)

broadcast frequency

antenna agreement (i.e.: HR 4/4/1 -> HR 6/4/1)

All of these manual approach changes can yield aftereffect in as little as 5 minutes. This adaptability can acquiesce a anchorperson to alter the absolute shortwave manual adjustment to a strategically important ambition breadth in as little as 15 minutes.

editALLISS advantages vs acceptable shortwave broadcast stations

Modular construction

ALLISS broadcast stations can be congenital on a bore by bore basis.

An ALLISS bore can alpha broadcasting as anon as architecture is completed.

Higher RFI & EMF (electromagnetic) affinity vs acceptable broadcast stations

ALLISS modules should be geographically broadcast for aegis and RFI acknowledgment reasons. However, few broadcasters accept called this advantage mainly due to poor compassionate of the technology.

Ironically, TDF did not accompany this advantage at Allouis or Issoudun — a abstruse draft to French security.

Each ALLISS bore is absolutely automated, so there is no charge for abstruse staff. When there are 2-5 ALLISS modules broadcast over several hundred aboveboard kilometers, a three getting abutment agents is abundant to accumulate the modules in operation year annular (provided these modules are visited account for adjustment and maintenance).

With commonly advised HRS blazon antennas shortwave broadcast stations and their binding transmitter hall, about-face matrix, coaxial or accessible agriculturalist bandage systems and assorted antennas (~90% of shortwave broadcast stations are congenital this way) abundant beyond staffs are required.

editCost per module

Around US$10 million.

Some modules accept been accounted to amount as abundant as US$15 million.

With 4 altered bore versions amount per bore can alter by as abundant as US$5 million.

At atomic 30% of the amount of anniversary bore is accompanying to the still alien metallurgy and metalworking requirements bare to assemble anniversary module.

Because of the cher and circuitous metallurgy architecture requirements, ALLISS technology is 'off limits' to abounding developing nations including even a few avant-garde nations in the developed world.

editVersions of ALLISS modules

According to the accepted Thales advertisement on ALLISS, there are 6 altered versions of the ALLISS system. These versions are sorted by date of antecedent installation.

1995: France at Issoudun and Allouis

Low Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4, 4/3, 4/2, 2/4, 2/3, 2/2

High Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/6, 4/4, 4/2, 2/6, 2/4

Band coverage: 5.9 MHz to 26.1 MHz (10 modules)

Band coverage: 5.9 MHz to 17.9 MHz (2 modules)

1997: Germany at Nauen-A

Low Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/2

High Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4

2 systems installed

1997: Germany at Nauen-B

Low Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4

High Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4

2 systems installed

2002: Oman at Al-Seela

Low Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/4, 4/2, 2/2

High Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/4, 4/2, 2/2

2 systems installed

Band coverage: 5.9 MHz to 17.9 MHz

2003: China

Low Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/4, 4/2, 2/2

High Bandage Modes (HR) : 4/4, 2/4, 4/2, 2/2

Band coverage: 5.9 MHz to 26.1 MHz

2009 : Kuwait at the Voice of Kuwait shortwave broadcast base at Kabd operated by the Ministry of Information.

Image of the HR 2/2 ALLISS rotatable antenna 1 agnate Thales archetypal HP-RCA 2/2 and a abounding ALLISS system. The additional and third rotatable systems are due South and South Southwest of the accepted ALLISS and accept been in operation aback the aboriginal Gulf War. http://maps.google.de/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=de&geocode=&q=kuwait&sll=51.151786,10.415039&sspn=20.453081,56.733398&ie=UTF8&ll=29.153047,47.762251&spn=0.003467,0.006925&t=h&z=18

This archetypal appears to be agnate to those awash to China. There may be some consign requirements that may accumulate HR 6/4/x models from getting exported to politically acute regions.

2009: Cuba -- The SARFT is said to accept accustomed a adjustment via the Chinese Foreign Affairs Department to carbon ALLISS modules in Cuba at an bearding or undetermined location. This is according to Glen Hauser's Apple of Radio manual of 25 June 2009. There is no mapping affirmation to announce that architecture has begun.

editTransmitter

Typically ALLISS modules acquire a 500 kW polyphase shortwave transmitter.

Digital 'AM' blazon transmitters are adopted for their compactness.

Many 'Push-pull' (Class-B) transmitters may be too ample for some ALLISS installations.

Essentially all 300 kW and 500 kW PDM, PSM, polyphase (4 x PDM) transmitters are adopted for structural reasons.

It is not accepted to install a 300 kW transmitter in an ALLISS module, but such installations are possible.

TDF's Montsinnery Broadcast Base has 2 ALLISS modules installed, but after an installed shortwave transmitter. This aforementioned architecture adjustment is acclimated by the BBC Apple Service Oman Broadcast Base Al-Seela.

editAntennas (high band)

Three HRS arrangement antennas types are accessible for broadcasting in the acceptable shortwave broadcasting bands.

For close and lower abundance shortwave broadcasting

HR 4/2/1 (using low bandage antenna)

HR 2/4/1 (using low bandage antenna)

HR 2/2/1

For acceptable shortwave broadcasting

HR 4/2/1

HR 4/4/1

For awful directional shortwave broadcasting

HR 6/4/1

HR 6/2/1

The HRS 6/4/1 is not accessible for use in the 26 MHz band.

editAntennas (low band)

One Low Bandage antenna exists for Close Bandage broadcasting. It takes up the absolute aback ancillary of the ALLISS module. This Low Bandage antenna counterbalances the primary manual antennas acclimated in acceptable shortwave broadcasting.

editRelay stations with ALLISS modules

Documentation architecture — Nation : Anchorperson : City(Modules, Date Sold)

France : TDF : Issoudun (12 modules, 1993 and 1997)

Germany : DW : Nauen (4 modules, 1997)

French Guiana : TDF : Montsinery (2 modules, 1997)

Oman : BBCWS & VT Merlin : (2 modules, 2002)

China : SARFT : Qiqihari : (12 modules, 2005)

Total amount of modules awash aback 1989: 32

Notable sites

RFI at Issoudun

Volga ALLISS Module‎

Ganges ALLISS Module

Former RFI Issoudun Relay base feeders and blind arrays

Former RFI Issoudun Relay blind arrays

The International broadcasting centermost of TDF (Télédiffusion de France) is at Issoudun/Ste Aoustrille. Issoudun is currently activated by TDF for shortwave transmissions. The website uses 12 rotary ALLISS antennas fed by 12 transmitters of 500 kW anniversary to address shortwave broadcasts by Radio France International (RFI), forth with added advertisement services.